Russia, Empire Alexander II 20 Kopecks

History

20 Kopecks 1860-1866, Y# 22.2, Russia, Empire, Alexander II, Mint master mark: НФ

20 Kopecks 1860-1866, Y# 22.2, Russia, Empire, Alexander II

20 Kopecks 1860-1866, Y# 22.2, Russia, Empire, Alexander II, Mint master mark: ФБ

20 Kopecks 1860-1866, Y# 22.2, Russia, Empire, Alexander II, No mint master mark

20 Kopecks 1860-1866, Y# 22.2, Russia, Empire, Alexander II, Mint master mark: МИ

20 Kopecks 1860-1866, Y# 22.2, Russia, Empire, Alexander II, Mint master mark: АБ

20 Kopecks 1860-1866, Y# 22.2, Russia, Empire, Alexander II, Mint master mark: НI

20 Kopecks 1860-1866, Y# 22.2, Russia, Empire, Alexander II, Edge type 1 (lines)

20 Kopecks 1860-1866, Y# 22.2, Russia, Empire, Alexander II, Edge type 2 (dots)

Obverse. Mint master mark: НФ. Photo © RARITETUS.ru

Description

This coin compare to the 20 Kopecks 1859-1860 (Y# 22.1) has a redesigned eagle.

Alexander II (1818-1881) was the Emperor of Russia from 1855 until his assassination in 1881. He was also the King of Poland and the Grand Duke of Finland. Alexander was the most successful Russian reformer since Peter the Great. His most important achievement was the emancipation of serfs in 1861, for which he became known as Alexander the Liberator. In foreign policy, Alexander sold Alaska to the United States in 1867. Among his greatest domestic challenges was an uprising in Poland in 1863, to which he responded by stripping that land of its separate Constitution and incorporating it directly into Russia.

Obverse	Coat of arms Russian Empire Crown, jewelry Imperial Crown of Russia Symbol, amulet, talisman Double-headed eagle Displays the Lesser Coat of Arms of the Russian Empire - a two-headed eagle crowned with two imperial crowns, over which the same third crown, enlarged, with two flying ends of the ribbon of the Order of Saint Andrew. The State Eagle held a scepter and globus cruciger. On the chest of the eagle there was an escutcheon with the arms of Moscow, depicting Saint George, mounted and defeating the dragon. The Lesser Coat of Arms depicts the imperial double-headed eagle with the addition of the collar of the Order of Saint Andrew around the escutcheon of St. George, and the Arms of Astrakhan, Siberia, Georgia, Finland, Kiev-Vladimir-Novgorod, Taurica, Poland and Kazan on the wings (seen clockwise). The globus cruciger (Latin, "cross-bearing orb"), also known as the orb and cross, an orb (Latin globus) topped (Latin gerere, to wear) by a cross (Latin crux), has been a Christian symbol of authority since the Middle Ages, used on coins, in iconography, and with the sceptre as royal regalia. Order of St. Andrew was established in 1698 by Tsar Peter the Great, in honour of Saint Andrew, the first apostle of Jesus and patron saint of Russia. Mint master marks: ФБ — Fedor Blum МИ — Mikhail Ivanov АБ — Alexander Belozerov НФ — Nikolai Follendorf HI — Nikolai Iossa Н Ф
Reverse	Crown, jewelry Imperial Crown of Russia Denomination 20 Kopecks flanked by stars, date and the mint mark in the center. Wreath of laurel (victory) and oak (strength) around. Russian imperial crowns on the top. Mint mark: С.П.Б. — Saint Petersburg Mint. * 20 * КОПѢЕКЪ 1866 С.П.Б.
Edge	Decorated Edge type 1 (lines) or type 2 (dots, 1861)