Obverse. Photo © Monetnik.ru
  • 2 Euro 2020, KM# 94, Estonia, 200th Anniversary of the Discovery of Antarctica
  • 2 Euro 2020, KM# 94, Estonia, 200th Anniversary of the Discovery of Antarctica
  • 2 Euro 2020, KM# 94, Estonia, 200th Anniversary of the Discovery of Antarctica, Coincard
Description

The history of Antarctica emerges from early Western theories of a vast continent, known as Terra Australis, believed to exist in the far south of the globe. The term Antarctic, referring to the opposite of the Arctic Circle, was coined by Marinus of Tyre in the 2nd century AD.

On the 27th of January, 1820 a Russian expedition led by Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen and Mikhail Lazarev discovered an ice shelf at Princess Martha Coast that later became known as the Fimbul Ice Shelf. Bellingshausen and Lazarev became the first explorers to see and officially discover the land of Antarctica continent. Several expeditions attempted to reach the South Pole in the early 20th century, during the "Heroic Age of Antarctic Exploration". Many resulted in injury and death. Norwegian Roald Amundsen finally reached the Pole on 13 December 1911, following a dramatic race with the Briton Robert Falcon Scott.

This discovery is linked to Estonia because Bellingshausen was born in present-day Lahetaguse, Saaremaa County, Estonia. Fabian Gottlieb Thaddeus von Bellingshausen (1778–1852), a Baltic German naval officer in the Imperial Russian Navy, cartographer and explorer, who ultimately rose to the rank of admiral.

Obverse

Depicts the Vostok ship, surrounded by Bellingshausen's name above and "Antarctica 200" below. Country name and issue date ob the upper right. The coin’s outer ring depicts the 12 stars of the European flag.

Vostok (East in Russian) was a 28-gun sloop-of-war of the Imperial Russian Navy, the lead ship of the First Russian Antarctic Expedition in 1819—1821, during which Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen (commander of the ship) and Mikhail Lazarev (commanding Mirny, the second ship) circumnavigated the globe, discovered the continent of Antarctica and twice circumnavigated it, and discovered a number of islands and archipelagos in the Southern Ocean and the Pacific.

Designers: Tiiu Pirsko and Mati Veermets

Fabian Gottlieb von Bellingshausen
EESTI
2020
ANTARKTIKA
200

Reverse

A geographical map of Western Europe spans the outer ring and inner core on the right side of the coin. The inscription 2 EURO is superimposed over the map of Europe, with the numeral “2” located in an open field representing the eastern Atlantic Ocean.

12 stars are located on the right side of the outer ring, with six stars atop the map of Europe and six stars below it; six vertical stripes cut across the inner core of the coin, visually connecting the upper and lower star segments.

Luc Luycx, a designer at the Royal Belgian Mint, designed the Euro’s common reverse; his initials, LL, are seen on the right side of the design, just under the “O” in “EURO.”

2 EURO
LL

Edge

ESTONIA in Estonian upright and inverted.

EESTI ○ EESTI ○

2 Euro

200th Anniversary of the Discovery of Antarctica

KM# 94
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Characteristics
Type Commemorative Issue (Circulating)
Material Bi-Metallic
Ring Cupronickel
Center Nickel Brass
Weight 8.5 g
Diameter 25.75 mm
Thickness 2.2 mm
Shape round
Alignment Medal

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