Obverse. Photo © Magyar Nemzeti Bank
  • 2000 Forint 2019, Adamo# EM384, Hungary, Hungarian Explorers and Their Inventions, Phase-Changing Electric Locomotive by Kálmán Kandó
  • 2000 Forint 2019, Adamo# EM384, Hungary, Hungarian Explorers and Their Inventions, Phase-Changing Electric Locomotive by Kálmán Kandó
Description

Kálmán Kandó (1869-1931) was a distinguished Hungarian engineer and inventor, often hailed as the "father of the electric locomotive." He made pivotal contributions to the advancement of electric railway systems, particularly in the realm of three-phase electric power.

Kandó pioneered one of the earliest practical applications of three-phase electric power for railway traction, which enabled the creation of more efficient and powerful electric locomotives compared to earlier technologies. He designed several electric locomotives that were remarkable for their innovative use of alternating current (AC), as opposed to the more commonly used direct current (DC) systems at that time. His work resulted in electric locomotives capable of operating efficiently over long distances and handling heavy loads, significantly enhancing the efficiency and reliability of rail transport.

His groundbreaking efforts included the design and implementation of overhead power lines and the development of the necessary infrastructure to support electric railways. This work laid the groundwork for modern electric rail transport systems.

Kálmán Kandó's contributions had a profound impact on railway engineering and technology, establishing electric railways as a viable and efficient mode of transportation and influencing the development of railway systems globally.

Between 1895 and 1929, Kandó was granted 69 patents. These patents can be categorized into themes such as electric railway motors, multiphase alternating current motors, automatic switching devices, overhead power lines, and power transmission stations.

Engraver: Balázs Bitó

Obverse

Depicts a portrait of Kálmán Kandó. To the lower right of the portrait, in horizontal lines beneath each other, are the inscriptions "KANDÓ," "KÁLMÁN," and the birth and death years "1869–1931." The engraver's privy mark is placed on the left edge.

BB
KANDÓ
KÁLMÁN
1889-1931

Reverse

Depicts the phase-changing electric locomotive, part of the MÁV V40 series, designed by Kálmán Kandó. At the top edge, in two horizontal lines beneath each other, to the left the denomination and the inscription "FORINT," to the right the issuance year "2019" and the mint mark "BP." Below, the inscription "HUNGARY" is placed.

The MÁV Class V40, an electric locomotive of the Hungarian State Railways (MÁV), was the first production electric locomotive using the Kandó system. It had a 1'D1' or 2-8-2 wheel arrangement and a single Metropolitan-Vickers traction motor. Developed by Kálmán Kandó, the system used single-phase AC overhead lines and three-phase traction motors, with a rotary phase converter. Demonstrated in 1923 and used from 1932 on the Budapest to Hegyeshalom route, 29 V40 locomotives served until the 1960s when Hungary converted to 25 kV, 50 Hz. Preserved V40.016 is displayed at the Hungarian Railway History Park in Budapest. The locomotive had a top speed of 100 km/h, with a phase converter allowing four fixed speeds and intermediate speeds managed by a liquid rheostat. The design minimized unwanted vertical forces through a Kandó triangle and controlled side play with Krauss-Helmholtz bogies.

2000 2019
FORINT BP.
MAGYARORSZÁG

Edge

2000 Forint

Hungarian Explorers and Their Inventions
Phase-Changing Electric Locomotive by Kálmán Kandó

Subscribe series
Adamo# EM384
Characteristics
Type Commemorative Issue (Non-circulating)
Material Cupronickel
Weight 14 g
Diameter -
Width 28.4 mm
Height 28.4 mm
Thickness 2.1 mm
Shape square
Alignment Medal
Mint
Budapest Mint (BP)

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