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Franz Joseph I or Francis Joseph I (1830–1916) was Emperor of Austria, King of Hungary, and ruler of the Habsburg monarchy from 1848 until his death in 1916. Initially governing the Austrian Empire, he later established the dual monarchy of Austria-Hungary in 1867. During his reign, he resisted constitutionalism and faced significant territorial losses in the Second and Third Italian Wars of Independence and the Austro-Prussian War. Notably, he agreed to the Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867, granting greater autonomy to Hungary.
Franz Joseph's reign was marked by personal and political challenges, including the execution of his brother Emperor Maximilian I of Mexico, the suicide of his son Rudolf, and the assassinations of his wife Elisabeth and his nephew Archduke Franz Ferdinand. The latter's assassination in 1914 precipitated World War I. His annexation of Bosnia and Herzegovina in 1908 and subsequent conflicts in the Balkans further strained international relations. Franz Joseph ruled for nearly 68 years, succeeded by his grandnephew Charles I & IV.
Obverse
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Depicts a right-facing portrait of Emperor Franz Joseph. The ruler is wearing a laurel wreath on his head. Below the portrait, the mint mark "K•B•" (Kremnica) is visible. The inscription around the edge reads "Franz Joseph I by the grace of God Emperor of Austria, Apostolic King of Hungary, Croatia, Slavonia and Dalmatia". FERENCZ JÓZSEF I•K•A•CS•ÉS M•H•S•D•O•AP•KIR• |
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Reverse
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Depicts the years "1782" and "1878" separated by two horizontal decorations. These dates refer to the commencement and opening of Joseph II's mine. Surrounded by the inscription "The Mine Named Joseph II in Selmecbánya," separated at the top by a motif of a six-pointed star. II•JÓZSEF NEVŰ ALTÁRNA SELMECBÁNYÁN * |
Edge |