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Franz Joseph I or Francis Joseph I (1830–1916) was Emperor of Austria, King of Hungary, and ruler of the Habsburg monarchy from 1848 until his death in 1916. Initially governing the Austrian Empire, he later established the dual monarchy of Austria-Hungary in 1867. During his reign, he resisted constitutionalism and faced significant territorial losses in the Second and Third Italian Wars of Independence and the Austro-Prussian War. Notably, he agreed to the Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867, granting greater autonomy to Hungary.
Franz Joseph's reign was marked by personal and political challenges, including the execution of his brother Emperor Maximilian I of Mexico, the suicide of his son Rudolf, and the assassinations of his wife Elisabeth and his nephew Archduke Franz Ferdinand. The latter's assassination in 1914 precipitated World War I. His annexation of Bosnia and Herzegovina in 1908 and subsequent conflicts in the Balkans further strained international relations. Franz Joseph ruled for nearly 68 years, succeeded by his grandnephew Charles I & IV.
The VII Law 1868 mandated the minting of Kreuzer (Krajcár) coins in Hungary. Starting in 1868, one-, four-, ten-, and twenty-Kreuzers coins and one-Forint and Ducats (gold coins) were minted featuring the small coat of arms. Four-Kreuzers coins were issued in 1868. The XII Law of 1869 amended the VII law, ordering the minting of four- and eight-Forint gold coins and requiring the medium coat of arms instead of the small one. Initially, coins were minted in Kremnica (Körmöcbánya, mint mark: KB) and Alba Iulia (Gyulafehérvár, mint mark: GyF), with the latter closing in 1871. From then until 1918, all coins were minted at the Kremnica mint.
Obverse
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Depicts a right-facing portrait of Emperor Franz Joseph. The ruler is wearing a laurel wreath on his head. Below the portrait, the mint mark is visible. The inscription around the edge reads "Franz Joseph I by the grace of God Emperor of Austria, Apostolic King of Hungary, Croatia, Slavonia and Dalmatia" The coin's edge is decorated with a beaded border. FERENCZ JÓZSEF I·K·A·CS·ÉS M·H·S·D·O · AP · KIR · |
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Reverse
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Depicts a Hungarian medium coat of arms, topped with the Holy Crown. To the left of the coat of arms is the value in Francs, and to the right is the value in Forints. The coat of arms is encircled by a regular circular motif, interrupted by the Holy Crown. The coin's legend includes the inscription "Hungarian Kingdom" and the issue year, separated by six-pointed star motifs. MAGYAR KIRÁLYSÁG |
Edge |