Obverse. Image Courtesy of Professional Coin Grading Service (PCGS.com)
  • 5 Rials 1952-1957, KM# 1159, Iran, Mohammad Reza Pahlavi
  • 5 Rials 1952-1957, KM# 1159, Iran, Mohammad Reza Pahlavi
Description

Mohammad Reza Pahlavi (1919–1980) was the last Shah of Iran, ruling from 1941 until the Iranian Revolution in 1979. He pursued rapid modernization, economic growth, and Westernization through policies like the White Revolution but faced growing opposition due to political repression, widespread corruption, and increasing authoritarianism. His close ties with the West, particularly the United States, and his secret police, SAVAK, fueled resentment among various social and religious groups. Amidst mass protests and unrest, he was forced into exile in 1979, leading to the establishment of the Islamic Republic under Ayatollah Khomeini. He died in Egypt in 1980.

Obverse

Depicts a value in Persian letters within the laurel and oak wreath with ribbon below, an inscription "Mohammad Shah Shahanshah of Iran" in Persian above as semicircle along side rim above. Date (two digits only) below the wreath in Solar Hejira (SH).

Mohammad Reza Shah adopted the title Shahanshah ("King of Kings") on October 26, 1967.

During his reign, Iran commemorated 2,500 years of continuous Persian monarchy, tracing back to the founding of the Achaemenid Empire by Cyrus the Great. In conjunction with these celebrations, Mohammad Reza altered the Iranian calendar’s benchmark, shifting it from the Solar Hejira (SH) to the establishment of the First Persian Empire, dating from Cyrus the Great's coronation. This Monarchical Calendar System (MS) was officially introduced in 1976 but was abandoned in 1978. The Solar Hejira, which had been in use since 1925, was reinstated following the MS's repeal.

محمد رضا شاه پهلوی شاهنشاه ایران
۵
ريال
۱۳۳۶

Reverse

Depicts an Emblem of the Imperial State of Iran (radiant lion holding sword, 1932-1980) above line within a crowned laurel and oak wreath with ribbon below. Value in Persian below.

The Lion and Sun motif is one of the better-known emblems of Iran. The motif has many historical meanings. First, it was an astrological and zodiacal symbol. Under Safvis and first Qajar kings, it received a specifically Shi'ite interpretation. In Safavid era the lion and sun stood for two pillars of the society, state and religion. It became a national emblem during the Qajar era.

At the top of the coat of arms was the Pahlavi crown, created for the Coronation of Reza Shah in 1926, and the collar of the Order of Pahlavi was under the shield.

پنج ریال

Edge
Characteristics
Material Cupronickel
Weight 6.9 g
Diameter 26 mm
Thickness 1.65 mm
Shape round
Alignment Coin
Mint
Tehran Mint

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