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The Federation of Australia was the process by which the six separate British self-governing colonies of Queensland, New South Wales, Victoria, Tasmania, South Australia, and Western Australia agreed to unite and form the Commonwealth of Australia, establishing a system of federalism in Australia. Fiji and New Zealand were originally part of this process, but they decided not to join the federation. Following federation, the six colonies that united to form the Commonwealth of Australia as states kept the systems of government (and the bicameral legislatures) that they had developed as separate colonies, but they also agreed to have a federal government that was responsible for matters concerning the whole nation. When the Constitution of Australia came into force, on 1 January 1901, the colonies collectively became states of the Commonwealth of Australia.
In 2001 there were many coins released into circulation by the Royal Australian Mint commemorating the Australian Centenary of Federation. A one dollar coin, ten 50 cent coins and nine 20 cent coins. Nine of the 50 cent coins depicted the coat of arms of each state and territory of Australia that were joined together in 1901 at Australia's Federation.
Obverse
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Fourth crowned portrait of HM Queen Elizabeth II facing right, wearing the Girls of Great Britain and Ireland tiara. ELIZABETH II AUSTRALIA 2001 |
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Reverse
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The Coat of arms of South Australia is was granted by Queen Elizabeth II on 19 April 1984. The shield has the piping shrike within a golden disc (officially said to represent the rising sun) on a blue background. Because the name piping shrike is not used to identify any bird, there has been some confusion over what bird it represents. While some think it resembles the magpie-lark (Grallina cyanoleuca), the original reports specify that it is based on the Australian magpie. The crest is the Sturt's desert pea, the floral emblem of South Australia, on top of a wreath of the State colours. The coat of arms has no supporters. The compartment, or base, is a grassland with symbols of agriculture and industry, and a motto with the name "South Australia". CENTENARY OF FEDERATION |
Edge |
50 Cents
4th portrait
100th Anniversary of Federation
South Australia
Subscribe series
KM# 561
100th Anniversary of Federation
South Australia
Characteristics
Type | Commemorative Issue (Circulating) |
Material | Cupronickel |
Weight | 15.55 g |
Diameter | 31.5 mm |
Thickness | 3 mm |
Shape | polygon |
Sides | 12 |
Alignment | Medal |
Mint |
Royal Australian Mint (RAM)
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Related coins
100th Anniversary of Federation