Obverse. Photo © Museums Victoria / CC BY
  • 1 Penny 1806-1807, KM# 1, Bahamas, George III
  • 1 Penny 1806-1807, KM# 1, Bahamas, George III
Description

On June 30, 1806 the Bahamas Assembly ordered £500 in copper pennies from Boulton's Soho Mint in Birmingham. The dies were cut by Conrad Heinrich Kuechler, modeling the obverse on the 1806 English halfpenny. The local population in the Bahamas preferred cut silver to copper tokens and so these coins were refused by the local population, thus the project to mint coppers was abandoned.

The reverse commemorates the victory of Captain Woodes Rogers over pirates. Woodes Rogers (c. 1679 – 1732) was an English sea captain and privateer and, later, the first Royal Governor of the Bahamas. He is known as the captain of the vessel that rescued marooned Alexander Selkirk, whose plight is generally believed to have inspired Daniel Defoe's Robinson Crusoe.

In 1656, Bermudan colonists arrived in the Bahamas founding the first English settlement at New Providence. The colony prospered, but the proximity of the islands to the Spanish trade routes also made the area headquarters for several pirate bands. Since local authorities could not control these renegades the local commerce suffered. The situation became so desperate that in 1717 the Lord Proprietors of the islands surrendered control of the government to George I, who commissioned Captain Woodes Rogers as royal governor. Woodes arrived in the Bahamas in 1718 with heavily armed troops and soon subdued the pirate bands. Some one thousand pirates surrendered and were pardoned; eight, who would not capitulate, were hanged. In 1728 this event was commemorated in the selection of the national motto "With the expulsion of the pirates commerce has been restored".

Obverse

A right-facing laureated portrait of George III, and incused into the rim are the words "George III, King by the Grace of God". The initial K appears on the lowest fold of the drapery at the base of the effigy, indicating that the design is the work of the German engraver Conrad Heinrich Kuchler.

George III (George William Frederick; 1738–1820) was King of Great Britain and Ireland from 25 October 1760 until the union of the two countries on 1 January 1801, after which he was King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland until his death.

His life and reign, which were longer than any other British monarch before him, were marked by a series of military conflicts involving his kingdoms, much of the rest of Europe, and places farther afield in Africa, the Americas and Asia. Early in his reign, Great Britain defeated France in the Seven Years' War, becoming the dominant European power in North America and India. However, many of Britain's American colonies were soon lost in the American Revolutionary War. Further wars against revolutionary and Napoleonic France from 1793 concluded in the defeat of Napoleon at the Battle of Waterloo in 1815.

In the later part of his life, George III had recurrent, and eventually permanent, mental illness. Although it has since been suggested that he had the blood disease porphyria, the cause of his illness remains unknown. After a final relapse in 1810, a regency was established, and George III's eldest son, George, Prince of Wales, ruled as Prince Regent.

GEORGIUS III·D:G·REX.
K
1806

Reverse

Depicts a full-rigged ship sailing right at sea with an island and two ships in the background. Above is the colony name and below is the national motto.

A full-rigged ship or fully rigged ship is a sailing vessel's sail plan with three or more masts, all of them square-rigged.

BAHAMA
EXPULSIS PIRATIS
RESTITUTA
COMMERCIA

Edge

1 Penny

British colony
KM# 1
Characteristics
Material Copper
Weight 10 g
Diameter 28 mm
Thickness 2 mm
Shape round
Alignment Coin
Mint
Soho Mint

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