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Three Dollar Gold Pieces were issued every year from 1854 to 1889. This unusual denomination boasts an indirect tie-in with the stamp collecting community. The price of a first-class postage stamp was 3¢ during the years in which this denomination was minted. Thus, the $3.00 Gold Piece was perfect for purchasing a complete sheet of 100 stamps.
Only a few dates in this series can be considered common (1854, 1874, 1878) and the majority of the dates in this series have mintages below 10,000 coins. Highlights of the series include the unique 1870-S Three-Dollar Gold Piece, the Proof-only 1875 and 1876, and the elusive 1854-D (the only Three-Dollar Gold Piece struck at the Dahlonega, Georgia Mint).
Although over 100,000 were struck in the first year, the coin saw little use. It circulated somewhat on the West Coast, where gold and silver were used to the exclusion of paper money, but what little place it had in commerce in the East was lost in the economic disruption of the Civil War, and was never regained. The piece was last struck in 1889, and Congress ended the series the following year.
Engraver: James Barton Longacre
Obverse
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Depicts the image of a so-called “Indian Princess” representing Liberty, facing left. She wears a crown of feathers inscribed with the word LIBERTY. The words UNITED STATES OF AMERICA surround the image. Longacre's initials J.B.L. on the cutoff of the bust. UNITED STATES OF AMERICA |
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Reverse
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Depicts an agricultural wreath composed of tobacco, wheat, corn, and cotton tied with a bow at the base. The denomination 3 DOLLARS and the date appear within the wreath. Mintmark (if any) below the knot. 3 |
Edge |