Depicts a: view of the façade of Palazzo Madama in Rome, the seat of the Senate of the Italian Republic. Above and in exergue, respectively, the inscription Republic and Italy.

Palazzo Madama was built atop the ruins of the ancient baths of Nero, next to Piazza Navona. The terrain had been acquired in the Middle Ages by the monks of the Abbey of Farfa, who later ceded it to France. The current façade was built in the mid-1650s by both Cigoli and Paolo Maruccelli.

The palace takes its name from Madama Margherita of Austria, illegitimate daughter of Emperor Charles V. In 1871, after the conquest of Rome by the newly formed Kingdom of Italy, the palazzo became the seat of the Senate of the Kingdom of Italy.

Depicts the Cicerone denuncia Catilina. Above, the name “CESARE MACCARI”; in the centre, the dates “1919”, the year of the death of the artist and “2019”, the year of the coin’s issue; on the right, “R”, identifying the Mint of Rome, followed by the value “5 EURO”; below, the name of the designer “L. DE SIMONI”.

Maccari's most famous work of art depicts Cicero's Oratio in Catilinam Prima in Senatu Habita, his first speech denouncing Catiline in the Roman Senate which drove him from the city (63 BC). Maccari has been praised for the way his paintings captured the description of events and how Catiline has been avoided by his fellow senators and sat alone while Cicero attacked him. On the other hand, his work has been criticized for some historical inaccuracy since he depicted the Senate meeting in the wrong place: the Senate actually met in the Temple of Jupiter Stator, not in the Senate House (Curia Cornelia). Cicero was 43 years old at the time but looks much older, and Catiline, who was two years older than Cicero, looks much younger than Cicero. The painting has been reproduced in many textbooks and histories of Rome, and its depiction of the Roman Senate has even influenced the presentation of the Senate of the Roman Republic in nonfiction books.

Marcus Tullius Cicero (106 BC – 43 BC) was a Roman statesman, lawyer, scholar, philosopher, and academic skeptic, who tried to uphold optimate principles during the political crises that led to the establishment of the Roman Empire. His extensive writings include treatises on rhetoric, philosophy and politics, and he is considered one of Rome's greatest orators and prose stylists.

Lucius Sergius Catilina (108–62 BC), known in English as Catiline, was a Roman patrician, soldier and senator of the 1st century BC best known for the second Catilinarian conspiracy, an attempt to overthrow the Roman Republic and, in particular, the power of the aristocratic Senate. He is also known for several acquittals in court, including one for the charge of adultery with a Vestal Virgin.

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