Obverse. Photo © Historia Hamburg
  • 5 Mark 1990, KM# 133, Germany, Democratic Republic (DDR), 100th Anniversary of Birth of Kurt Tucholsky
  • 5 Mark 1990, KM# 133, Germany, Democratic Republic (DDR), 100th Anniversary of Birth of Kurt Tucholsky
Description

East Germany, formally the German Democratic Republic (GDR; German: Deutsche Demokratische Republik, DDR), was an Eastern Bloc state during the Cold War period. From 1949 to 1990, it administered the region of Germany that was occupied by Soviet forces at the end of World War II. The Soviet zone surrounded West Berlin, but did not include it; as a result, West Berlin remained outside the jurisdiction of the GDR. The German Democratic Republic was established in the Soviet Zone, while the Federal Republic was established in the three western zones. East Germany, which lies culturally in Central Germany, was a satellite state of the Soviet Union. The GDR was dissolved and Germany was unified on 3 October 1990, becoming a fully sovereign state again.

Obverse

Depicts a national emblem of the German Democratic Republic (DDR), surrounded by the country name (above), denomination and date (below). Mintmark of the Berlin State Mint (A) is between country name and the emblem.

The national emblem of the German Democratic Republic featured a hammer and a compass (drawing tool), surrounded by a ring of rye. The hammer represented the workers in the factories. The compass represented the intelligentsia, and the ring of rye the farmers.

DEUTSCHE DEMOKRATISCHE REPUBLIK
A
1990 5 MARK

Reverse

Depicts a portrait of Kurt Tucholsky. Dates of his birth and death are below.

Kurt Tucholsky (1890–1935) was a German-Jewish journalist, satirist, and writer. He also wrote under the pseudonyms Kaspar Hauser (after the historical figure), Peter Panter, Theobald Tiger and Ignaz Wrobel.

Tucholsky was one of the most important journalists of the Weimar Republic. As a politically engaged journalist and temporary co-editor of the weekly magazine Die Weltbühne he proved himself to be a social critic in the tradition of Heinrich Heine. He was simultaneously a satirist, an author of satirical political revues, a songwriter and a poet. He saw himself as a left-wing democrat and pacifist and warned against anti-democratic tendencies – above all in politics, the military and justice – and the threat of National Socialism. His fears were confirmed when the Nazis came to power in January 1933. In May of that year he was among the authors whose works were banned as "un-German", and burned; he was also among the first authors and intellectuals whose German citizenship was revoked.

Engraver: Heinz Rodewald

KURT TUCHOLSKY
R
1890 1935

Edge

5 MARK * 5 MARK * 5 MARK * 5 MARK *

5 Mark

100th Anniversary of Birth of Kurt Tucholsky

KM# 133
Characteristics
Type Commemorative Issue (Circulating)
Material Copper Nickel Zinc
Weight 12.2 g
Diameter 29 mm
Thickness 2.07 mm
Shape round
Alignment Medal
Mint
Berlin State Mint (A)

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