Obverse. Photo © NumisCorner.com
  • 1 Sol 2020, KM# 422, Peru, 200th Anniversary of Peruvian Independence, Heroínas Toledo
  • 1 Sol 2020, KM# 422, Peru, 200th Anniversary of Peruvian Independence, Heroínas Toledo
Description

In commemoration of the bicentenary of Peru's independence from Spain, the Peruvian Central Reserve Bank (BCRP) issued the numismatic series “La Mujer en el proceso de la Independencia” (The Woman in the Process of Independence). With this coin series, the patriotic women who fought in many ways and even gave their lives for achieving Peru’s independence are honored and remembered with one of the most used coins in the country.

The Peruvian War of Independence was composed of a series of military conflicts in Peru beginning with viceroy Abascal military reconquest in 1811 in the battle of Guaqui, continuing with the definitive defeat of the Spanish Army in 1824 in the battle of Ayacucho, and culminating in 1826 with the Siege of Callao. The wars of independence took place with the background of the 1780–1781 uprising by indigenous leader Túpac Amaru II and the earlier removal of Upper Peru and the Río de la Plata regions from the Viceroyalty of Peru. Because of this the viceroy often had the support of the "Lima Oligarchy", who saw their elite interests threatened by popular rebellion and were opposed to the new commercial class in Buenos Aires. During the first decade of the 1800s Peru had been a stronghold for royalists, who fought those in favor of independence in Peru, Bolivia, Quito and Chile. Among the most important events during the war was the proclamation of independence of Peru by José de San Martín on 28 July 1821.

Engraver: Eduardo Paredes Medina
Designer: Felipe Escalante Chuñocca

Obverse

Depicts the coat of arms of Peru surrounded by the inscription "Central Reserve Bank of Peru", date below.

Peruvian coat of arms consisting of three elements: the top left section shows the vicuña, the national animal, representing the fauna of Peru; the tree in the top right section is the cinchona tree (the source of quinine, a powerful anti-malarial drug and the key flavorant in tonic water), representing the national flora; and the bottom cornucopia with coins spilling from it, represents the mineral resources of the country. It has a palm branch on its left and an laurel one on its right, tied by a ribbon, as well as a Holm oak Civic Crown above it. These represent God, gold, and glory.

BANCO CENTRAL DE RESERVA DEL PERÚ
2020

Reverse

Depicts a portrait of the Toledo heroines, value below. On the left side the inscription "Bicentennial 1821-2021", her name above. The symbol LMA on the right represents the mark of the National Mint on a background of vertical lines.

In March / April 1821, during the fight for independence the three women (a mother Cleofé Ramos with her two daughters María and Higinia Toledo), native to Concepción, a small town 22 km (13 miles) northeast of Huancayo in the central highlands region of Junin, led a group of residents trying to slow down or even stop the advancing troops of the Spanish royalist General Jerónimo Valdés. With courage, bravery and lots of love for their country and town, they first blocked the way and then under fierce enemy fire cut the ropes of the suspension bridge over the Mantaro River - the access to their town - demolishing it completely. Through this act they hindered Valdés rapid advance and bought the Patriotic Forces of General Juan Antonio Álvarez de Arenales enough time to withdraw to safety. Later José de San Martín, the principal leader of South America's successful struggle for independence from the Spanish Empire and Protector of Peru, awarded the mother and two daughters with the “Medal of Victory”.

HEROÍNAS TOLEDO
BICENTENARIO
1821-2021
1 SOL
LMA

Edge
Characteristics
Type Commemorative Issue (Circulating)
Material Nickel Brass
Weight 7.32 g
Diameter 25.5 mm
Thickness 3.02 mm
Shape round
Alignment Coin
Mint
Lima Mint

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