Obverse. Photo © NumisCorner.com
  • 1 Sol 2020, KM# 424, Peru, 200th Anniversary of Peruvian Independence, María Parado de Bellido
  • 1 Sol 2020, KM# 424, Peru, 200th Anniversary of Peruvian Independence, María Parado de Bellido
Description

In commemoration of the bicentenary of Peru's independence from Spain, the Peruvian Central Reserve Bank (BCRP) issued the numismatic series “La Mujer en el proceso de la Independencia” (The Woman in the Process of Independence). With this coin series, the patriotic women who fought in many ways and even gave their lives for achieving Peru’s independence are honored and remembered with one of the most used coins in the country.

The Peruvian War of Independence was composed of a series of military conflicts in Peru beginning with viceroy Abascal military reconquest in 1811 in the battle of Guaqui, continuing with the definitive defeat of the Spanish Army in 1824 in the battle of Ayacucho, and culminating in 1826 with the Siege of Callao. The wars of independence took place with the background of the 1780–1781 uprising by indigenous leader Túpac Amaru II and the earlier removal of Upper Peru and the Río de la Plata regions from the Viceroyalty of Peru. Because of this the viceroy often had the support of the "Lima Oligarchy", who saw their elite interests threatened by popular rebellion and were opposed to the new commercial class in Buenos Aires. During the first decade of the 1800s Peru had been a stronghold for royalists, who fought those in favor of independence in Peru, Bolivia, Quito and Chile. Among the most important events during the war was the proclamation of independence of Peru by José de San Martín on 28 July 1821.

Obverse

Depicts the coat of arms of Peru surrounded by the inscription "Central Reserve Bank of Peru", date below.

Peruvian coat of arms consisting of three elements: the top left section shows the vicuña, the national animal, representing the fauna of Peru; the tree in the top right section is the cinchona tree (the source of quinine, a powerful anti-malarial drug and the key flavorant in tonic water), representing the national flora; and the bottom cornucopia with coins spilling from it, represents the mineral resources of the country. It has a palm branch on its left and an laurel one on its right, tied by a ribbon, as well as a Holm oak Civic Crown above it. These represent God, gold, and glory.

BANCO CENTRAL DE RESERVA DEL PERÚ
2020

Reverse

Depicts a portrait of María Parado de Bellido, value below. On the left side the inscription "Bicentennial 1821-2021", her name above. The symbol LMA on the right represents the mark of the National Mint on a background of vertical lines.

María Parado de Bellido (1777–1822) was an indigenous Peruvian revolutionary during the struggle for independence from Spain.

Aged 15 Maria Parado married Mariano Bellido and had 7 children. While in 1820 her husband and sons collaborated with the Patriotic Forces who fought for independence against the Spanish royalists, she stayed in the background and started spying. As she was illiterate, she dictated letters including gathered information about enemy movements and plans to her trusted friend Matías Madrid and send these to her husband, who shared the crucial info with the regional leader of the Patriotic Forces. Thanks to her letters, many lives could be saved. With her unfortunate last letter she informed her husband about Spanish advances towards Quilcamachay. While the Patriotic Forces had enough time to retreat before the Spanish troops occupied the town, her letter was found carelessly forgotten in a jacket. Maria Parado was captured and interrogated, but she clarified that she rather dies than betrays her beloved country. She was famous for her statement "No estoy aquí para informar a ustedes, sino para sacrificarme por la causa de la libertad" (I’m not here to inform you, but to sacrifice myself for the cause of freedom). She was executed by firing squad on May 11, 1822.

MARÍA PARADO
DE BELLIDO
BICENTENARIO
1821-2021
1 SOL
LMA

Edge
Characteristics
Type Commemorative Issue (Circulating)
Material Nickel Brass
Weight 7.32 g
Diameter 25.5 mm
Thickness 3.02 mm
Shape round
Alignment Coin
Mint
Lima Mint

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